مروي عن الأئمة المعصومين عليهم السلام في كتب الأدعية والزيارات المعتبرة.
Virtues, description, and recitation method of ETIQUETTES OF ZIYARAH as recorded in Shia traditions.
Fadhila, maelezo, na njia ya usomaji wa LEBO ZA ZIYARAH kama ilivyopokelewa katika mapokezi ya Shia.
قَالُوْا غَدًا نَأْتِيْ دِيَارَ الْحِمْى
Eighteenth: If there is no particular form of salat al-ziyarah, it is recommended to recite Surah Yasin in the first unit and Surah al-Rahman in the second. It is also recommended to beseech Almighty Allah after these prayers for the worldly welfare as well as success on the Resurrection Day. It is also recommended to pray for all people generally in order that his prayers will be more acceptable. Nineteenth: Shaykh al-Shahid says, "If one enters a shrine and finds that a congregational prayer is held, the prayer must be offered before doing the ziyarah rites. The same thing must be done it one enters a shrine at the time of an obligatory prayer. Because the ziyarah is the purpose, one may do the ziyarah rites on other conditions. When a congregational prayer is held while one is doing the ziyarah congregational prayer. It is thus discommended to ignore the congregational prayers. Moreover, the supervisors in the shrine must order the za'ir (i.e. performer of ziyarah) to join the congregational prayer. Twentieth: In the word of Shaykh al-Shahid, to recite a portion of the Holy Qur'an in the shrines and to dedicate the recitation to the soul of the holy person buried in that shrine is one of the etiquettes of ziyarah. Of course, this act brings about rewards to the za'ir and shows honoring of the holy person buried in the shrine. Twenty-First: It is advisable to refrain from nonsensical and meaningless speech in the holy shrines and to avoid discussing this-worldly affairs. Of course, nonsense and offensive speech are discommended everywhere and at all times. Such language stops sustenance and results in hardheartedness, especially in such pure places and under such superior domes about whose superiority and highness, Almighty Allah has said, "In houses which Allah has permitted to be exalted and that His name may be remembered in them, there glorify Him therein in the
Kumi na nane: Ikiwa hakuna aina maalum ya swala al-ziyarah, inapendekezwa kusoma Surah Yasin katika rakaa ya kwanza na Surah al-Rahman katika rakaa ya pili. Inapendekezwa pia kumuomba Mwenyezi Mungu Mtukufu baada ya maombi haya kwa ajili ya ustawi wa dunia pamoja na kufaulu Siku ya Kiyama. Inapendekezwa pia kuwaombea watu wote kwa ujumla ili maombi yake yakubalike zaidi. Kumi na tisa: Shaykh al-Shahid anasema, "Iwapo mtu ataingia kwenye kaburi na akakuta inaswali swala ya jamaa, ni lazima iswaliwe kabla ya kufanya ibada ya ziyarah. Jambo hilo hilo lazima lifanyike mtu anaingia kwenye kaburi wakati wa swala ya faradhi. Kwa sababu ziyarah ni makusudio, mtu anaweza kufanya ibada ya ziyarah kwa masharti mengine. Wakati jamaa moja inafanywa kwa masharti mengine. Zaidi ya hayo, wasimamizi katika kaburi ni lazima wamuamuru za'ir (yaani mtendaji wa ziyarah) ajiunge na swala ya Jamaa ya Ishirini: Katika neno la Shaykh al-Shahid, kusoma sehemu ya Qur'ani Tukufu na kuweka wakfu katika nafsi ya mtu wa kuzikwa. Bila shaka, kitendo hiki kinaleta thawabu kwa za'ir na kinaonyesha heshima ya mtu mtakatifu aliyezikwa kwenye kaburi la Ishirini na Moja: Inashauriwa kujiepusha na maneno yasiyo na maana na yasiyo na maana katika madhabahu na kuepuka kujadili mambo haya ya kidunia Bila shaka, upuuzi na maneno ya kuudhi hukatizwa kila mahali maeneo safi na chini ya majumba bora ambayo juu yake ubora na utukufu wake, Mwenyezi Mungu Mtukufu amesema: "Katika nyumba ambazo Mwenyezi Mungu ameidhinisha zitukuzwe na likumbukwe jina lake humo, mtakaseni humo
وَ يَنْزِلُ الرَّكْبُ بِمَغْنَاهُمُ
mornings and the evenings. 24/36' Twenty-Second: As I have confirmed in my book of hadiyyat al-za'ir, it is recommended not to raise one's voice with the recitals of the ziyarah formulas. Twenty-Third: At leaving, it is recommended to bid farewell to the Imam ('a) through reciting the formulas dedicated to so (wada') or any similar formulas. Twenty-Fourth: It is advisable to declare repentance, implore Almighty Allah for forgiveness, and pray Him to make the deeds and words after the Ziyarah better than one's deeds and words before it. Twenty-Fifth: It is recommended to give some money to the custodians of the holy shrines. As a matter of fact, the custodians of the holy shrines must be virtuous, righteous, religious, and honorable. They are required to respect the zuwwar (pl. za'ir) and to stand their behaviors. They must not wreak their wrath upon those zuwwar or shout at them. Instead, they must settle all the needs of the zuwwar and guide the strangers if they are lost. In general, the custodians are required to act as servants, to arrange and guard the holy shrine, to watch over the zuwwar, and to do whatever necessary. Twenty-Sixth: It is also recommended to give some money to the neighbors of the holy shrines - the poor, the needy, and the modest, especially the Sayyids (i.e. descendants of the Holy Prophet) and the students of religious sciences who accepted to live in poverty, alienation, and neediness for the sake of glorifying the rites of Almighty Allah. Hence, those are the worthiest of receiving charity and custody. Twenty-Seventh: Shaykh al-Shahid says, "Among the etiquettes of ziyarah is to hurry in leaving the holy shrine when the ziyarah is accomplished, so that the sanctity of the shrine will be preserved and eagerness to repeat ziyarah will be aroused." He further says, "When they perform ziyarah, women must isolate themselves from men. Preferably, women may perform ziyarah at night. They may also disguise themselves by putting ordinary clothes rather than precious, so that they will not be recognized. They may also try to hide and veil themselves. However, it is legal, yet discommended, for
asubuhi na jioni. 24/36' Ishirini na Mbili: Kama nilivyothibitisha katika kitabu changu cha Hadiyyat al-za'ir, inapendekezwa kutonyanyua sauti ya mtu kwa marejeo ya kanuni za ziyarah. Ishirini na Tatu: Wakati wa kuondoka, inapendekezwa kumuaga Imam ('a) kwa kukariri kanuni zilizowekwa kwa hivyo (wada') au kanuni zozote zinazofanana na hizo. Ishirini na Nne: Inasihi kutangaza toba, kumuomba Mwenyezi Mungu Mtukufu msamaha, na kumuomba ayafanye matendo na maneno baada ya Ziyarah kuwa bora kuliko amali na maneno ya kabla yake. Ishirini na Tano: Inapendekezwa kutoa pesa kwa walinzi wa madhabahu takatifu. Kwa hakika, walinzi wa madhabahu takatifu lazima wawe wema, waadilifu, wa kidini, na wenye kuheshimika. Wanatakiwa kuheshimu zuwwar (pl. za'ir) na kusimama tabia zao. Ni lazima wasiwaletee ghadhabu zao hao zuwwar au kuwapigia kelele. Badala yake, lazima watatue mahitaji yote ya zuwwar na kuwaongoza wageni ikiwa wamepotea. Kwa ujumla, walinzi wanatakiwa kufanya kama watumishi, kupanga na kulinda patakatifu patakatifu, kuangalia zuwwar, na kufanya chochote kinachohitajika. Ishirini na Sita: Inapendekezwa pia kutoa pesa kwa majirani wa maeneo matakatifu - masikini, masikini, na wastaarabu, hususan Sayyid (yaani kizazi cha Mtukufu Mtume) na wanafunzi wa elimu ya dini waliokubali kuishi katika umasikini, kutengwa, na uhitaji kwa ajili ya kumtukuza Mwenyezi Mungu Mtukufu. Kwa hivyo, hao ndio wanaostahiki zaidi kupokea hisani na ulinzi. Ishirini na Saba: Shaykh al-Shahid anasema, "Miongoni mwa adabu za ziyarah ni kuharakisha kutoka kwenye kaburi takatifu wakati ziyarah itakapokamilika, ili utakatifu wa kaburi uhifadhiwe na hamu ya kurudia ziyarah itaamshwa." Anasema zaidi, "Wanapofanya ziyarah, wanawake lazima wajitenge na wanaume. Ikiwezekana, wanawake wanaweza kufanya ziyarah usiku. Wanaweza pia kujificha kwa kuvaa nguo za kawaida kuliko za thamani, ili wasitambulike. Wanaweza pia kujaribu kujificha na kujifunika wenyewe. Hata hivyo, ni halali, lakini inakataliwa, kwa kuwa inakatazwa.
فَكُلُّ مَنْ كَانَ مُطِيْعًا لَهُمْ
women to perform ziyarah amongst men. Said they, "Tomorrow, we shall enter their homeland, And our caravan will settle near their houses Hence, only he who has
wanawake kufanya ziyarah miongoni mwa wanaume. Wakasema: Kesho tutaingia katika nchi yao, na msafara wetu utakaa karibu na nyumba zao.
اَضبَحَ مَسْرُوْرًا بِلَقْيَاهُمُ
been obedient to them Will be pleased to meet them." Said l,
kuwatii itakuwa radhi kukutana nao." Alisema l.
قُلْتُ فَلِي ذَتْبٌ فَمَا جِيْلَتِيْ
"Ihave committed sins! What will I do? And how will I beha ve
"Nimefanya dhambi! Nitafanya nini? Na nitafanyaje ve
بِآَيِّ وَجْهِ آَتَلَقَاهُمُ
in the face of them?" Said they,
mbele yao?” Wakasema,
قَالُوْا اَ لَيْسَ الْعَفْوُ مِنْ شَأَنِهِمْ
, "Is it not that pardon is the
, "Je! si kwamba msamaha ni huo
لَا سِيَّمَا عَمَّنْ تَرَجَاهُمُ
habit of them? Especially for those who have put faith in
tabia yao? Hasa kwa wale ambao wameweka imani katika
فَجِثْتُهُمْ اَسْعَى إِلَى بَابِهِمْ
them!" I thus hurried to their house door Hoping and fearing
wao!” Hivyo niliharakisha hadi kwenye mlango wa nyumba yao Nikiwa na matumaini na kuogopa
There is no god save Allah; One and Only and having no partner. Comparing Karbala' to the Holy Ka'bah Karbala', , in Hadith, is superior Similar are the other shrines, according to
Hapana mungu ila Mwenyezi Mungu; Mmoja na wa Pekee na kutokuwa na mshirika. Kulinganisha Karbala' na Ka'ba Tukufu Karbala', katika Hadith, ni bora Sawa na matukufu mengine, kwa mujibu wa
وَ مِنْ حَدِيْثِ كَزْبَلَا وَ الْكَعْبَةِ
narrations At these shrines, try to come near the tomb And to
simulizi Katika madhabahu haya, jaribu kufika karibu na kaburi Na kwa
لِكَرْبَلَا بَانَ عُلُوُ الرُّثْبَةِ
offer prayers at the side of the head Offer the prayer behind the tomb, too Authentic reports have confirmed so The difference between these tombs ls like the light on a mountain peak Offering prayers at these tombs is
sali pembeni ya kichwa Sali sala nyuma ya kaburi, pia Ripoti sahihi zimethibitisha hivyo Tofauti kati ya makaburi haya ni kama mwanga juu ya kilele cha mlima Kuswali katika makaburi haya ni
وَ غَيْرُهَا مِنْ سَآئِرِ الْمَشَاهِدِ
recommended To come near them and to stick to them is required Eighteenth: If there is no particular form of salat al-ziyarah, it is recommended to recite Surah Yasin in the first unit and Surah al-Rahman in the second. It is also recommended to beseech Almighty Allah after these prayers for the worldly welfare as well as success on the Resurrection Day. It is also recommended to pray for all people generally in order that his prayers will be more acceptable.
Inapendekezwa Kuwakaribia na kushikamana nao kunahitajika Kumi na nane: Ikiwa hakuna aina maalum ya swala al-ziyarah, inapendekezwa kusoma Surah Yasin katika rakaa ya kwanza na Surah al-Rahman katika ya pili. Inapendekezwa pia kumuomba Mwenyezi Mungu Mtukufu baada ya maombi haya kwa ajili ya ustawi wa dunia pamoja na kufaulu Siku ya Kiyama. Inapendekezwa pia kuwaombea watu wote kwa ujumla ili maombi yake yakubalike zaidi.
اَمْثَالَهَا بِالنَّقْلِ ذِيْ الشَّوَاهِدِ
Nineteenth: Shaykh al-Shahid says, "If one enters a shrine
Kumi na tisa: Shaykh al-Shahid anasema, “Mtu akiingia kwenye kaburi
وَ رَاعِ فِيْهِنَّ اقْتِرَابَ الرَّمْسِ
and finds that a congregational prayer is held, the prayer must be offered before doing the ziyarah rites. The same thing must be done if one enters a shrine at the time of an
na akakuta kuna swala ya jamaa, ni lazima iswaliwe kabla ya kufanya ibada za ziyarah. Kitu kimoja lazima kifanyike ikiwa mtu ataingia kwenye kaburi wakati wa
وَ اثِرِ الصَّلَاةَ عِنْدَ الرَّأْسِ
obligatory prayer. Because the ziyarah is the purpose, one may do the ziyarah rites on other conditions. When a congregational prayer is held while one is doing the ziyarah
sala ya faradhi. Kwa sababu ziyara ndio lengo, mtu anaweza kufanya ibada za ziyarah kwa masharti mengine. Inapofanyika sala ya jamaa huku mtu akifanya ziyarah
وَ صَلِّ خَلْفَ الْقَبْرِ فَالصَّحِيْحُ
congregational prayer. It is thus discommended to ignore the congregational prayers. Moreover, the supervisors in the shrine must order the za'ir (i.e. performer of ziyarah) to join the congregational prayer. Twentieth: In the word of Shaykh al-Shahid, to recite a portion of the Holy Qur'an in the shrines and to dedicate the recitation to the soul of the holy person buried in that shrine is one of the etiquettes of ziyarah. Of course, this act brings about rewards to the za'ir and shows honoring of the holy
maombi ya jamaa. Kwa hivyo inakatazwa kupuuza sala za jamaa. Zaidi ya hayo, wasimamizi katika kaburi lazima waamuru za'ir (yaani mtendaji wa ziyarah) kujiunga na sala ya jamaa. Ishirini: Katika neno la Shaykh al-Shahid, kusoma sehemu ya Qur'ani Tukufu katika matukufu na kuweka wakfu usomaji kwa nafsi ya mtukufu aliyezikwa kwenye kaburi hilo ni mojawapo ya adabu za ziyarah. Bila shaka, kitendo hiki kinaleta thawabu kwa za'ir na kinaonyesha heshima ya mtakatifu
كَغَيْرِهِ فِيْ نَذْبِهَا صَرِيْحٌ
person buried in the shrine. Twenty-First: It is advisable to refrain from nonsensical and
mtu aliyezikwa kwenye kaburi. Ishirini na Moja: Inashauriwa kujiepusha na mambo yasiyo na maana na
وَ الْفَرْقُ بَيْنَ هَذِهِ الْقُبُوْرِ
meaningless speech in the holy shrines and to avoid discussing this-worldly affairs. Of course, nonsense and offensive speech are discommended everywhere and at all times. Such language stops sustenance and results in hardheartedness, especially in such pure places and under such superior domes about whose superiority and highness, Almighty Allah has said, "In houses which Allah has permitted to be exalted and that His name may be remembered in them, there glorify Him therein in the
maneno yasiyo na maana katika matukufu na kuepuka kujadili mambo ya dunia hii. Bila shaka, maneno ya upuuzi na ya kuudhi yanakataliwa kila mahali na wakati wote. Lugha kama hiyo husimamisha riziki na kusababisha ugumu wa moyo, hasa katika sehemu hizo safi na chini ya majumba bora ambayo juu yake ubora na utukufu wake, Mwenyezi Mungu Mtukufu amesema: "Katika nyumba ambazo Mwenyezi Mungu ameidhinisha zitukuzwe na likumbukwe jina lake humo, mtakaseni humo ndani.
وَ غَيْرِهَا كَالنُّوْرِ فَوْقَ الطُوْرِ
mornings and the evenings. 24/36" Twenty-Second: As I have confirmed in my book of hadiyyat
asubuhi na jioni. 24/36" Ishirini na Mbili: Kama nilivyothibitisha katika kitabu changu cha Hadiyyat
فالسَّغيُ لِلصَّلاةِ عِنْدَهَا نُدِبَ
al-za'ir, it is recommended not to raise one's voice with the recitals of the ziyarah formulas. Twenty-Third: At leaving, it is recommended to bid farewell to the Imam ('a) through reciting the formulas dedicated to so (wada') or any similar formulas. Twenty-Fourth: It is advisable to declare repentance, implore Almighty Allah for forgiveness, and pray Him to make the deeds and words after the Ziyarah better than one's deeds and words before it. Twenty-Fifth: It is recommended to give some money to the custodians of the holy shrines. As a matter of fact, the custodians of the holy shrines must be virtuous, righteous, religious, and honorable. They are required to respect the zuwwar (pl. za'ir) and to stand their behaviors. They must not wreak their wrath upon those zuwwar or shout at them. Instead, they must settle all the needs of the zuwwar and guide the strangers if they are lost. In general, the custodians are required to act as servants, to arrange and guard the holy Shrine, to watch over the Zuwwar, and to do whatever necessary. Twenty-Sixth: It is also recommended to give some money to the neighbors of the holy shrines - the poor, the needy, and the modest, especially the Sayyids (i.e. descendants of the Holy Prophet) and the students of religious sciences who accepted to live in poverty, alienation, and neediness for the sake of glorifying the rites of Almighty Allah. Hence, those
al-za'ir, inapendekezwa kutonyanyua sauti ya mtu kwa kumbukumbu za fomula za ziyarah. Ishirini na Tatu: Wakati wa kuondoka, inapendekezwa kumuaga Imam ('a) kwa kukariri kanuni zilizowekwa kwa hivyo (wada') au kanuni zozote zinazofanana na hizo. Ishirini na Nne: Inasihi kutangaza toba, kumuomba Mwenyezi Mungu Mtukufu msamaha, na kumuomba ayafanye matendo na maneno baada ya Ziyarah kuwa bora kuliko amali na maneno ya kabla yake. Ishirini na Tano: Inapendekezwa kutoa pesa kwa walinzi wa madhabahu takatifu. Kwa hakika, walinzi wa madhabahu takatifu lazima wawe wema, waadilifu, wa kidini, na wenye kuheshimika. Wanatakiwa kuheshimu zuwwar (pl. za'ir) na kusimama tabia zao. Ni lazima wasiwaletee ghadhabu zao hao zuwwar au kuwapigia kelele. Badala yake, lazima watatue mahitaji yote ya zuwwar na kuwaongoza wageni ikiwa wamepotea. Kwa ujumla, walinzi wanatakiwa kufanya kama watumishi, kupanga na kulinda Madhabahu takatifu, kuwachunga Zuwwar, na kufanya lolote linalohitajika. Ishirini na Sita: Inapendekezwa pia kutoa pesa kwa majirani wa maeneo matakatifu - masikini, masikini, na wastaarabu, hususan Sayyid (yaani kizazi cha Mtukufu Mtume) na wanafunzi wa elimu ya dini waliokubali kuishi katika umasikini, kutengwa, na uhitaji kwa ajili ya kumtukuza Mwenyezi Mungu Mtukufu. Kwa hivyo, wale
وَ قُرْبُهَا بَلِ اللَّصُوْقُ قَدْ طُلِبَ
are the worthiest of receiving charity and custody. Twenty-Seventh: Shaykh al-Shahid says, "Among the etiquettes of ziyarah is to hurry in leaving the holy shrine when the ziyarah is accomplished, so that the sanctity of the shrine will be preserved and eagerness to repeat ziyarah will be aroused.' He further says, "When they perform ziyarah, women must isolate themselves from men. Preferably, women may perform ziyarah at night. They may also disguise themselves by putting ordinary clothes rather than precious, so that they will not be recognized. They may also try to hide and veil themselves. However, it is legal, yet discommended, for women to perform ziyarah amongst men."
ndio wanaostahiki zaidi kupokea hisani na ulinzi. Ishirini na Saba: Shaykh al-Shahid anasema, "Miongoni mwa adabu za ziyara ni kuharakisha kutoka kwenye kaburi takatifu wakati ziyarah itakapokamilika, ili utakatifu wa kaburi uhifadhiwe na hamu ya kurudia ziyarah itaamshwa." Anasema tena, "Wanapofanya ziyarah, wanawake lazima wajitenge na wanaume. Ikiwezekana, wanawake wanaweza kufanya ziyarah usiku. Wanaweza pia kujificha kwa kuvaa nguo za kawaida badala ya thamani, ili wasitambuliwe. Wanaweza pia kujaribu kujificha na kujifunika. Hata hivyo, ni halali, lakini imekataliwa, kwa wanawake kufanya ziyarah miongoni mwa wanaume."
